{"data":{"id":29,"name":"Toluene","abbreviation":"Toluene","description":"<p>A thin toluene liquid layer can serve as a simple artificial membrane to model passive diffusion across hydrophobic barriers. Because toluene is a nonpolar aromatic solvent, a toluene film mimics the hydrocarbon core of lipid bilayers, and solute flux depends on partitioning into toluene and diffusion through it. Although it lacks the polar headgroup region, membrane organization, and transporter proteins, toluene layers are useful for probing intrinsic permeability of lipophilic compounds in a controlled setting. Some liquid-membrane systems employ aromatic solvents like toluene to distinguish solubility-based transport from membrane structural contributions. The solvent Toluene has a dielectric constant of 2.374.<\/p>","categories":[{"id":65,"title":"Model","breadcrumb":[{"id":58,"title":"Generic"},{"id":65,"title":"Model"}]}],"url":"https:\/\/molmedb.upol.cz\/api\/v1\/membranes\/29","landing_page":"https:\/\/molmedb.upol.cz\/membrane\/29","created_at":"2019-05-29T17:08:59.000000Z","updated_at":"2026-06-29T09:11:58.000000Z"}}